Nelson Mandela Inspired by Invictus (Unconquered) , Poem by William Ernest Henley

Here is a copy of the poem that inspired Nelson Mandela during his imprisonment at Robben Island for 18 years. It was written by William Earnest Henley from his hospital bed. Our research showed that the poem provided Nelson Mandela with the much needed hope he needed. He knew that he would be free some day the same way that William E. Henley triumphed over the amputation of his leg.

What a lot of people have not realized is that Nelson Mandela and his prison mates used their captivity to educate themselves. Many of them obtained many advanced degrees in captivity. In particular, Nelson Mandela enjoyed literature, the study of English, the classics. He was used to participating in a seasonal play. He practiced his thespian skills. In the movie Invictus, encouraging his team, Nelson Mandela hand-wrote it for the captain of the rugby team.


INVICTUS (Latin for Unconquered or Awupatha)
Out of the night that covers me,
Black as the Pit from pole to pole,
I thank whatever gods may be
For my unconquerable soul.
In the fell clutch of circumstance
I have not winced nor cried aloud.
Under the bludgeonings of chance
My head is bloody, but unbowed.
Beyond this place of wrath and tears
Looms but the Horror of the shade,
And yet the menace of the years
Finds and shall find me unafraid.
It matters not how strait the gate,
How charged with punishments the scroll
I am the master of my fate:
I am the captain of my soul.


Out of the night that covers me,
Black as the Pit from pole to pole,
I thank whatever gods may be
For my unconquerable soul.

In the fell clutch of circumstance
I have not winced nor cried aloud.
Under the bludgeonings of chance
My head is bloody, but unbowed.

Beyond this place of wrath and tears
Looms but the Horror of the shade,
And yet the menace of the years
Finds, and shall find, me unafraid.

It matters not how strait the gate,
How charged with punishments the scroll.
I am the master of my fate:
I am the captain of my soul.

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Tables of Content
1, Purest Form of Gold: A Long Journey to Freedom Day
2. What is like to be Free? Nelson Mandela’s Freedom
3, Awupatha: We Shall Not Be Dominated
4. Robben Island
5. Life Celebration
6. Tribute to all the Comrades:
Mandela Pays Tribute to the Martyrs of the Struggle
7. Rolihlahla, the “Troublemaker” for the Right Cause
8. Robben Island: Thrown into the Heart of Darkness
9. Robben Island: From Darkness to Light
10. Men Made of Gold: My Respect and Tribute
11. God Bless Africa!
12. Apartheid: The Idiocy of It All
13. Bullies’ Indignities: Down with all Bullies
14. Time to Breathe Fresh

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